La conducta ambiental del empresario a través de las certificaciones ambientales de empresas Sinaloenses
Resumen
En esta propuesta se considera que la afirmación de Milton Friedman de que la única responsabilidad de las empresas es maximizar ganancias no es vigente, en la actualidad la problemática ambiental es tarea de todos resolverla, esto incluye a las empresas, quienes además de estar en constante renovación para cumplir con las necesidades de los consumidores, vigilar la competencia, cumplir con los requerimientos de gobierno y las demandas de la sociedad en general, al mismo tiempo algunas de ellas toman del medio ambiente los recursos naturales necesarios para la elaboración de sus productos, los cuales por lo general son escasos o finitos, dando como resultado un daño ecológico por el agotamiento de los recursos naturales y la contaminación que producen.
Este dilema aumenta por el hecho de que el papel de las empresas en el bienestar de la sociedad es fundamental, al ser generadoras de ingresos que permiten el sano funcionamiento de la economía, sin embargo, las externalidades que producen en el medio ambiente se han dejado de lado, es un costo que no han asumido a pesar de realizar esfuerzos a través de Auditorías Ambientales y el distintivo de Empresa Socialmente Responsable (ESR), ambas voluntarias, que no garantizan la sustentabilidad ecológica, social y económica de las empresas.
Sin embargo, para construir alternativas, es necesario entender la compleja relación que existe entre las empresas (como parte de la sociedad) y el ecosistema, a través de la conducta ambiental del empresario. En este sentido salta el cuestionamiento, ¿Cuál es el papel de las empresas sinaloenses certificadas ambientalmente en el funcionamiento del Sistema Socioecológico de Sinaloa?, el objetivo es determinar el papel de las mismas con respecto a la certificación ambiental que promueve la Procuraduría Federal de Protección al Ambiente (PROFEPA), su contribución y determinar las alternativas que permitan mantener una relación positiva entre las empresas y el ecosistema. Esta investigación se suscribe en la metodología cuantitativa, se realizó un análisis estadístico descriptivo, que ayuda a explicar las relaciones existentes de la conducta del empresario con respecto al medio ambiente.
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